mysql多实例如何部署
mysql多实例部署软件下载[root@lnh ~]# rpm -qa |grep mysql
[root@lnh ~]# ss -antl
State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port Process
LISTEN 0 128 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:*
LISTEN 0 128 [::]:22 [::]:*
//验证一下是否有mysql
[root@lnh ~]# cd /usr/src/
[root@lnh src]# wget https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/get/p/23/file/mysql-5.7.38-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
--2022-07-31 14:25:22-- https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/get/p/23/file/mysql-5.7.38-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
Resolving downloads.mysql.com (downloads.mysql.com)... 23.10.6.175, 2600:1405:1800:19c::2e31, 2600:1405:1800:184::2e31
Connecting to downloads.mysql.com (downloads.mysql.com)|23.10.6.175|:443... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 302 Moved Temporarily
Location: https://cdn.mysql.com/archives/mysql-5.7/mysql-5.7.38-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz [following]
--2022-07-31 14:25:23-- https://cdn.mysql.com/archives/mysql-5.7/mysql-5.7.38-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
Resolving cdn.mysql.com (cdn.mysql.com)... 23.212.157.5
Connecting to cdn.mysql.com (cdn.mysql.com)|23.212.157.5|:443... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 674830866 (644M) [application/x-tar-gz]
Saving to: ‘mysql-5.7.38-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz'
mysql-5.7.38-linux-g 100%[=====================>
] 643.57M 1.88MB/s in 8m 54s
2022-07-31 14:34:17 (1.21 MB/s) - ‘mysql-5.7.38-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz'
saved [674830866/674830866]
//在www.mysql.com里面进行复制下载地址
[root@lnh src]# ls
debug kernels mysql-5.7.38-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz 配置用户并解压二进制程序至/usr/local下[root@lnh src]# useradd -r -M -s /sbin/nologin mysql
[root@lnh src]# id mysql
uid=993(mysql) gid=990(mysql) groups=990(mysql)
[root@lnh src]# tar -xf mysql-5.7.38-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
[root@lnh src]# cd /usr/local/
[root@lnh local]# ll //查看解压的东西
total 0
drwxr-xr-x. 14 root root 164 Jul 21 21:32 apache
drwxr-xr-x. 6 root root 58 Jul 21 21:12 apr
drwxr-xr-x. 5 root root 43 Jul 21 21:17 apr-util
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 May 19 2020 bin
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 May 19 2020 etc
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 May 19 2020 games
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 May 19 2020 include
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 May 19 2020 lib
drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 17 Jul 19 16:13 lib64
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 May 19 2020 libexec
drwxr-xr-x. 9 root root 129 Jul 31 14:56 mysql-5.7.38-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 May 19 2020 sbin
drwxr-xr-x. 5 root root 49 Jul 19 16:13 share
drwxr-xr-x. 5 root root 145 Jul 21 21:19 src
[root@lnh local]# ln -sv mysql-5.7.38-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 mysql //做一个软链接 //-v是将结果打印出来
'
mysql'
->
'
mysql-5.7.38-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64'
[root@lnh local]# ll //查看
total 0
drwxr-xr-x. 14 root root 164 Jul 21 21:32 apache
drwxr-xr-x. 6 root root 58 Jul 21 21:12 apr
drwxr-xr-x. 5 root root 43 Jul 21 21:17 apr-util
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 May 19 2020 bin
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 May 19 2020 etc
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 May 19 2020 games
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 May 19 2020 include
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 May 19 2020 lib
drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 17 Jul 19 16:13 lib64
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 May 19 2020 libexec
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 35 Jul 31 14:58 mysql ->
mysql-5.7.38-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64
drwxr-xr-x. 9 root root 129 Jul 31 14:56 mysql-5.7.38-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 May 19 2020 sbin
drwxr-xr-x. 5 root root 49 Jul 19 16:13 share
drwxr-xr-x. 5 root root 145 Jul 21 21:19 src
[root@lnh local]# chown -R mysql.mysql mysql* //将软链接的属主属组改成mysql的
[root@lnh local]# ll
total 0
drwxr-xr-x. 14 root root 164 Jul 21 21:32 apache
drwxr-xr-x. 6 root root 58 Jul 21 21:12 apr
drwxr-xr-x. 5 root root 43 Jul 21 21:17 apr-util
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 May 19 2020 bin
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 May 19 2020 etc
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 May 19 2020 games
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 May 19 2020 include
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 May 19 2020 lib
drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 17 Jul 19 16:13 lib64
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 May 19 2020 libexec
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 mysql mysql 35 Jul 31 14:58 mysql ->
mysql-5.7.38-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64
drwxr-xr-x. 9 mysql mysql 129 Jul 31 14:56 mysql-5.7.38-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 May 19 2020 sbin
drwxr-xr-x. 5 root root 49 Jul 19 16:13 share
drwxr-xr-x. 5 root root 145 Jul 21 21:19 src
[root@lnh local]# ls //编译三部曲已经完成
apache bin include libexec sbin
apr etc lib mysql share
apr-util games lib64 mysql-5.7.38-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 src
[root@lnh local]# cd mysql
[root@lnh mysql]# ls
bin docs include lib LICENSE man README share support-files
[root@lnh mysql]# echo '
export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin'
>
/etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
//配置环境变量
[root@lnh mysql]# source /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
//使环境生效
[root@lnh mysql]# ln -sv /usr/local/mysql/include/ /usr/include/mysql
'
/usr/include/mysql'
->
'
/usr/local/mysql/include/'
//做include的头文件让系统可以识别
[root@lnh mysql]# chown -R mysql.mysql /usr/include/mysql
//将软链接的属主属组改成mysql的
[root@lnh mysql]# ll -d /usr/include/mysql/
drwxr-xr-x. 3 mysql mysql 4096 Jul 31 14:56 /usr/include/mysql/
[root@lnh mysql]# vim /etc/ld.so.conf.d/mysql.conf
[root@lnh mysql]# cat /etc/ld.so.conf.d/mysql.conf
/usr/local/mysql/lib
//配置lib
[root@lnh mysql]# ldconfig
//刷新配置
[root@lnh mysql]# vim /etc/man_db.conf
#MANDATORY_MANPATH /usr/src/pvm3/man
#
MANDATORY_MANPATH /usr/man
MANDATORY_MANPATH /usr/share/man
MANDATORY_MANPATH /usr/local/share/man
MANDATORY_MANPATH /usr/local/mysql/man//添加这一行 创建各实例数据存放的目录[root@lnh ~]# mkdir -p /opt/data/{3306,3307,3308} //创建存放目录
[root@lnh ~]# chown -R mysql.mysql /opt/data/
[root@lnh ~]# ll -d /opt/data/
drwxr-xr-x. 5 mysql mysql 42 Jul 31 15:24 /opt/data/
//修改其所属主所属组
[root@lnh ~]# tree /opt/data/
/opt/data/
├── 3306
├── 3307
└── 3308
3 directories, 0 files
//查看其结构 初始化各实例[root@lnh ~]# mysqld --initialize --user mysql --datadir /opt/data/3306 //初始化实例 --user指定用户 --datadir指定数据目录
2022-07-31T07:29:37.154689Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2022-07-31T07:29:37.346729Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790
2022-07-31T07:29:37.389866Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
2022-07-31T07:29:37.450981Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: 88389665-10a2-11ed-9840-000c2905f428.
2022-07-31T07:29:37.452192Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table '
mysql.gtid_executed'
cannot be opened.
2022-07-31T07:29:37.758320Z 0 [Warning] A deprecated TLS version TLSv1 is enabled. Please use TLSv1.2 or higher.
2022-07-31T07:29:37.758378Z 0 [Warning] A deprecated TLS version TLSv1.1 is enabled. Please use TLSv1.2 or higher.
2022-07-31T07:29:37.759177Z 0 [Warning] CA certificate ca.pem is self signed.
2022-07-31T07:29:37.780720Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: AqldE*a:O8FR
[root@lnh ~]# echo '
AqldE*a:O8FR'
>
3306
[root@lnh ~]# cat 3306
AqldE*a:O8FR
//将这个格式化的随机密码生成到一个文件里面
[root@lnh ~]# mysqld --initialize --user mysql --datadir /opt/data/3307 //格式化3307
2022-07-31T07:33:29.214978Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2022-07-31T07:33:29.491805Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790
2022-07-31T07:33:29.524728Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
2022-07-31T07:33:29.598226Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: 12977170-10a3-11ed-9d3d-000c2905f428.
2022-07-31T07:33:29.599323Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table '
mysql.gtid_executed'
cannot be opened.
2022-07-31T07:33:29.932320Z 0 [Warning] A deprecated TLS version TLSv1 is enabled. Please use TLSv1.2 or higher.
2022-07-31T07:33:29.932367Z 0 [Warning] A deprecated TLS version TLSv1.1 is enabled. Please use TLSv1.2 or higher.
2022-07-31T07:33:29.932766Z 0 [Warning] CA certificate ca.pem is self signed.
2022-07-31T07:33:30.095306Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: PAJBo+Gxg19I
[root@lnh ~]# echo '
PAJBo+Gxg19I'
>
3307
[root@lnh ~]# cat 3307
PAJBo+Gxg19I
[root@lnh ~]# mysqld --initialize --user mysql --datadir /opt/data/3308 //格式化3308
2022-07-31T07:34:23.861697Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2022-07-31T07:34:24.082852Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790
2022-07-31T07:34:24.112764Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
2022-07-31T07:34:24.173299Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: 331ef070-10a3-11ed-a122-000c2905f428.
2022-07-31T07:34:24.175009Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table '
mysql.gtid_executed'
cannot be opened.
2022-07-31T07:34:24.374707Z 0 [Warning] A deprecated TLS version TLSv1 is enabled. Please use TLSv1.2 or higher.
2022-07-31T07:34:24.374737Z 0 [Warning] A deprecated TLS version TLSv1.1 is enabled. Please use TLSv1.2 or higher.
2022-07-31T07:34:24.375103Z 0 [Warning] CA certificate ca.pem is self signed.
2022-07-31T07:34:24.471521Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: =w&
lnU)d-7kK
[root@lnh ~]# echo '
=w&
lnU)d-7kK'
>
3308
[root@lnh ~]# cat 3308
=w&
lnU)d-7kK
[root@lnh ~]# ls
3306 3307 3308 anaconda-ks.cfg 安装perl[root@lnh ~]# dnf -y install perl
Last metadata expiration check: 1:24:50 ago on Sun 31 Jul 2022 02:13:54 PM CST.
Dependencies resolved.
===================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repo Size
===================================================================================
Installing:
perl x86_64 4:5.26.3-420.el8 AppStream 73 k
Installing dependencies:
perl-Algorithm-Diff noarch 1.1903-9.el8 base 52 k
perl-Archive-Tar noarch 2.30-1.el8 base 79 k
perl-Archive-Zip noarch 1.60-3.el8 AppStream 108 k
perl-Attribute-Handlers noarch 0.99-420.el8 AppStream 89 k
perl-B-Debug noarch 1.26-2.el8 AppStream 26 k
perl-CPAN noarch 2.18-397.el8 AppStream 554 k
perl-CPAN-Meta noarch 2.150010-396.el8 AppStream 191 k
perl-CPAN-Meta-Requirements noarch 2.140-396.el8 AppStream 37 k
perl-CPAN-Meta-YAML noarch 0.018-397.el8 AppStream 34 k
perl-Compress-Bzip2 x86_64 2.26-6.el8 AppStream 72 k
perl-Compress-Raw-Bzip2 x86_64 2.081-1.el8 base 40 k
perl-Compress-Raw-Zlib x86_64 2.081-1.el8 base 68 k
perl-Config-Perl-V noarch 0.30-1.el8 AppStream 22 k
perl-DB_File x86_64 1.842-1.el8 AppStream 83 k
perl-Data-OptList noarch 0.110-6.el8 AppStream 31 k
perl-Data-Section noarch 0.200007-3.el8 AppStream 30 k
perl-Devel-PPPort x86_64 3.36-5.el8 AppStream 118 k
perl-Devel-Peek x86_64 1.26-420.el8 AppStream 94 k
perl-Devel-SelfStubber noarch 1.06-420.el8 AppStream 76 k
perl-Devel-Size x86_64 0.81-2.el8 AppStream 34 k
perl-Digest-SHA x86_64 1:6.02-1.el8 AppStream 66 k
perl-Encode-devel x86_64 4:2.97-3.el8 AppStream 39 k
perl-Env noarch 1.04-395.el8 AppStream 21 k
perl-ExtUtils-CBuilder noarch 1:0.280230-2.el8 AppStream 48 k
perl-ExtUtils-Command noarch 1:7.34-1.el8 AppStream 19 k
perl-ExtUtils-Embed noarch 1.34-420.el8 AppStream 79 k
.... 配置配置文件/etc/my.cnf[root@lnh ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf
[root@lnh ~]# cat /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld_multi] //程序命令
mysqld = /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe //命令执行的路径
mysqladmin = /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin //命令执行的路径
[mysqld3306]
datadir = /opt/data/3306 //数据目录
port = 3306 //端口
socket = /tmp/mysql3306.sock //套接字
pid-file = /opt/data/3306/mysql_3306.pid //pid进程文件
log-error=/var/log/3306.log //错误日志
[mysqld3307]
datadir = /opt/data/3307
port = 3307
socket = /tmp/mysql3307.sock
pid-file = /opt/data/3307/mysql_3307.pid
log-error=/var/log/3307.log
[mysqld3308]
datadir = /opt/data/3308
port = 3308
socket = /tmp/mysql3308.sock
pid-file = /opt/data/3308/mysql_3308.pid
log-error=/var/log/3308.log 启动各实例[root@lnh ~]# mysqld_multi start 3306
[root@lnh ~]# mysqld_multi start 3307
[root@lnh ~]# mysqld_multi start 3308
[root@lnh ~]# ss -antl
State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port Process
LISTEN 0 128 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:*
LISTEN 0 128 [::]:22 [::]:*
LISTEN 0 80 *:3306 *:*
LISTEN 0 80 *:3307 *:*
LISTEN 0 80 *:3308 *:*
//这种方式启动不建议
[root@lnh ~]# mysqld_multi stop 3308
[root@lnh ~]# ss -antl
State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port Process
LISTEN 0 128 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:*
LISTEN 0 128 [::]:22 [::]:*
LISTEN 0 80 *:3306 *:*
LISTEN 0 80 *:3307 *:*
LISTEN 0 80 *:3308 *:*
//可以发现这种方式启动程序后关闭不了
[root@lnh ~]# ps -ef |grep 3306
root 71742 1 0 15:49 pts/1 00:00:00 /bin/sh /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --datadir=/opt/data/3306 --port=3306 --socket=/tmp/mysql3306.sock --pid-file=/opt/data/3306/mysql_3306.pid --log-error=/var/log/3306.log
mysql 71878 71742 0 15:49 pts/1 00:00:00 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/opt/data/3306 --plugin-dir=/usr/local/mysql/lib/plugin --user=mysql --log-error=/var/log/3306.log --pid-file=/opt/data/3306/mysql_3306.pid --socket=/tmp/mysql3306.sock --port=3306
root 72257 66880 0 15:53 pts/1 00:00:00 grep --color=auto 3306
//查看3306进程
[root@lnh ~]# ps -ef |grep 3306 |grep -v grep
root 71742 1 0 15:49 pts/1 00:00:00 /bin/sh /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --datadir=/opt/data/3306 --port=3306 --socket=/tmp/mysql3306.sock --pid-file=/opt/data/3306/mysql_3306.pid --log-error=/var/log/3306.log
mysql 71878 71742 0 15:49 pts/1 00:00:00 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/opt/data/3306 --plugin-dir=/usr/local/mysql/lib/plugin --user=mysql --log-error=/var/log/3306.log --pid-file=/opt/data/3306/mysql_3306.pid --socket=/tmp/mysql3306.sock --port=3306
//取反
[root@lnh ~]# ps -ef |grep 3306 |grep -v grep |awk '
{print$2}'
71742
71878
//取出端口号
[root@lnh ~]# ps -ef |grep 3306 |grep -v grep |awk '
{print$2}'
|xargs kill -9
//xargs将前面的结果交给后面的来处理
//杀死了端口号,相当于这个命令可以控制服务停止
[root@lnh ~]# ps -ef |grep 3307 |grep -v grep |awk '
{print$2}'
|xargs kill -9
[root@lnh ~]# ps -ef |grep 3308 |grep -v grep |awk '
{print$2}'
|xargs kill -9
[root@lnh ~]# ss -antl
State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port Process
LISTEN 0 128 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:*
LISTEN 0 128 [::]:22 [::]:*
//端口号都被杀死 加入system服务里面[root@lnh system]# cd
[root@lnh ~]# cd /usr/lib/systemd/system
[root@lnh system]# cp sshd.service 3306.service
[root@lnh system]# cp sshd.service 3307.service
[root@lnh system]# cp sshd.service 3308.service
[root@lnh system]# vim 3306.service
[Unit]
Description=3306 server daemon
After=network.target sshd-keygen.target
[Service]
Type=forking
ExecStart=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_multi start 3306 //开启的位置
ExecStop=ps -ef |grep 3306 |grep -v grep |awk '
{print$2}'
|xargs kill -9 //关闭的命令
ExecReload=/bin/kill -HUP $MAINPID
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
[root@lnh system]# cp 3306.service 3307.service
cp: overwrite '
3307.service'
? y
[root@lnh system]# vim 3307.service
[Unit]
Description=3307 server daemon
After=network.target sshd-keygen.target
[Service]
Type=forking
ExecStart=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_multi start 3307
ExecStop=ps -ef |grep 3307 |grep -v grep |awk '
{print$2}'
|xargs kill -9
ExecReload=/bin/kill -HUP $MAINPID
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
//快捷键 :% s/6/7/g 直接将6变成7
[root@lnh system]# cp 3306.service 3308.service
cp: overwrite '
3308.service'
? y
[root@lnh system]# vim 3308.service
[Unit]
Description=3308 server daemon
After=network.target sshd-keygen.target
[Service]
Type=forking
ExecStart=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_multi start 3308
ExecStop=ps -ef |grep 3308 |grep -v grep |awk '
{print$2}'
|xargs kill -9
ExecReload=/bin/kill -HUP $MAINPID
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
//快捷键 :% s/6/8/g 直接将6变成8
[root@lnh system]# systemctl daemon-reload
//加载一下
[root@lnh system]# systemctl stop firewalld
[root@lnh system]# systemctl disable firewalld.service
Removed /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/firewalld.service.
Removed /etc/systemd/system/dbus-org.fedoraproject.FirewallD1.service.
[root@lnh system]# vim /etc/selinux/config
SELINUX=disabled //修改
[root@lnh system]# setenforce 0
//关闭防火墙
[root@lnh system]# systemctl start 3306
[root@lnh system]# systemctl start 3307
[root@lnh system]# systemctl start 3308
[root@lnh system]# ss -antl
State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port Process
LISTEN 0 128 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:*
LISTEN 0 128 [::]:22 [::]:*
LISTEN 0 80 *:3306 *:*
LISTEN 0 80 *:3307 *:*
LISTEN 0 80 *:3308 *:*
//可以发现全部启动成功
//如果启动失败就在这个里面journalctl -xe找出错误点 初始化密码[root@lnh ~]# cat 3306
AqldE*a:O8FR //查看之前放置的密码
[root@lnh ~]# mysql -uroot -p'
AqldE*a:O8FR'
-S /tmp/mysql3306.sock
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ;
or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.7.38
Copyright (c) 2000, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type '
help;
'
or '
\h'
for help. Type '
\c'
to clear the current input statement.
mysql>
set password=password('
3306'
);
//修改密码
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
mysql>
quit
Bye
[root@lnh ~]# mysql -uroot -p'
3306'
-S /tmp/mysql3306.sock
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ;
or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 3
Server version: 5.7.38 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type '
help;
'
or '
\h'
for help. Type '
\c'
to clear the current input statement.
mysql>
//登录成功
[root@lnh ~]# cat 3307
PAJBo+Gxg19I
[root@lnh ~]# mysql -uroot -p'
PAJBo+Gxg19I'
-S /tmp/mysql3307.sock
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ;
or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 3
Server version: 5.7.38
Copyright (c) 2000, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type '
help;
'
or '
\h'
for help. Type '
\c'
to clear the current input statement.
mysql>
set password=password('
3307'
);
//修改密码
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
mysql>
quit
Bye
[root@lnh ~]# mysql -uroot -p'
3307'
-S /tmp/mysql3307.sock
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ;
or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 4
Server version: 5.7.38 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type '
help;
'
or '
\h'
for help. Type '
\c'
to clear the current input statement.
mysql>
//登录成功
[root@lnh ~]# cat 3308
=w&
lnU)d-7kK
[root@lnh ~]# mysql -uroot -p'
=w&
lnU)d-7kK'
-S /tmp/mysql3308.sock
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ;
or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.7.38
Copyright (c) 2000, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type '
help;
'
or '
\h'
for help. Type '
\c'
to clear the current input statement.
mysql>
set password=password('
3308'
);
//修改密码
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
mysql>
quit
Bye
[root@lnh ~]# mysql -uroot -p'
3308'
-S /tmp/mysql3308.sock
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ;
or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 3
Server version: 5.7.38 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type '
help;
'
or '
\h'
for help. Type '
\c'
to clear the current input statement.
mysql>
//登录成功 报错解决
报错1：[root@lnh ~]# mysql -uroot -p'
AqldE*a:O8FR'
mysql: error while loading shared libraries: libncurses.so.5: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory//没有这个包解决：[root@lnh ~]# dnf provides libncurses.so.5Last metadata expiration check: 2:39:05 ago on Sun 31 Jul 2022 02:13:54 PM CST.ncurses-compat-libs-6.1-9.20180224.el8.i686 : Ncurses compatibility librariesRepo : baseMatched from:Provide : libncurses.so.5
[root@lnh ~]# dnf -y install ncurses-compat-libs-6.1-9.20180224.el8.报错2：[root@lnh ~]# mysql -uroot -p'
AqldE*a:O8FR'
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.ERROR 2002 (HY000): Can'
t connect to local MySQL server through socket '
/tmp/mysql.sock'
(2) //没有访问到套接字解决：[root@lnh ~]# mysql -uroot -p'
AqldE*a:O8FR'
-S /tmp/mysql3306.sock
MySQL多实例是指在一台服务器上安装多个MySQL实例，每个实例有独立的配置、数据和日志文件。它可以使一台服务器满足不同的应用需求，减少硬件、网络资源的浪费。下面分别介绍MySQL多实例的安装、配置和运行，以及应用场景和优缺点。
第一部分：安装多实例
在Linux系统上，可以通过下载MySQL安装包来安装多实例。首先需要创建多个MySQL用户组和用户，分别指定每个实例的目录和配置文件。然后在每个实例的目录下分别下载MySQL安装包并解压。接下来复制MySQL的支持文件到每个实例的bin目录下，修改my.cnf文件指定目录和端口等信息，最后启动多个实例，即可完成安装。
第二部分：配置多实例
配置多实例需要修改my.cnf文件来实现隔离不同的实例。具体来说，可以修改以下参数：
1. basedir和datadir指定MySQL二进制文件和数据文件的存放位置。
2. port指定MySQL实例要监听的TCP/IP端口号。
3. socket指定MySQL实例要监听的Unix套接字文件的位置。
4. pid-file指定MySQL实例要使用的进程ID文件的名称。
5. log-error指定MySQL实例出错时要记录的错误信息的文件名。
6. slow_query_log_file指定MySQL慢查询的日志文件名称。
第三部分：运行多实例
在Linux系统上，可以通过启动脚本启动多个MySQL实例，也可以使用systemd或upstart等工具将它们添加到系统服务中。在启动过程中，需要注意避免不同的实例使用同样的配置文件或数据文件，以免引起冲突。可以通过指定相应的启动选项来启动指定的实例，例如：
```
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/etc/mysql/my1.cnf &
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/etc/mysql/my2.cnf &
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/etc/mysql/my3.cnf &
```
第四部分：应用场景和优缺点
MySQL多实例可以在一定程度上节约硬件资源，提高服务器的利用率。例如，可以在同一台服务器上运行不同的应用程序，而不必为每个应用程序独立分配一台服务器。但是也会存在一些缺点，例如可能会降低服务器的整体性能，增加系统管理员的维护难度等。此外，多实例的安全性也需要得到保证，例如监控端口，限制用户访问等。
总结
MySQL多实例是一种灵活部署的方式，可以在一台服务器上满足不同的应用需求，减少硬件资源的浪费。但是它也需要维护人员具备一定的专业知识和技能，确保系统的稳定性和可靠性。因此，在实际应用中要充分评估其优缺点和适用范围，选择最适合自己的部署方式。
